A cabinet-level branch of the Japanese government in the Ghost in the Shell setting, the Ministry of Home Affairs handles policing, domestic security, and immigration. Its Public Security Bureau contains the divisions where Section 9 and Section 1 sit.
Rendered in Japanese as Jichisho, this government body carries several English names across the franchise, appearing variously as the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Interior Ministry. It functions as one of the ministries running the Japanese state within the world of the series, and the official who leads it holds a seat at cabinet level.
Among its portfolio are law enforcement, the protection of domestic security, and control over immigration, alongside a range of further responsibilities. The Public Security Bureau falls inside its structure, and both Public Security Section 9 and Public Security Section 1 answer to it as bureau divisions, placing much of the story's counter-crime apparatus beneath this single ministry.
Although the name echoes Japan's real and now-defunct Ministry of Home Affairs and its later Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, the version shown here is entirely invented. Shirow Masamune modeled it on Britain's Home Office, since Japan had no comparable ministry overseeing its police; in reality that oversight rests with a five-member National Public Safety Commission whose chair sits in the Cabinet.

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The Ministry of Home Affairs is a cabinet-level branch of the Japanese government in the Ghost in the Shell setting. It handles policing, domestic security, and immigration, and its official leader holds a seat at cabinet level.
The Ministry of Home Affairs is rendered in Japanese as Jichisho. It also appears under other English names across the franchise, including the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Interior Ministry.
Public Security Section 9 and Public Security Section 1 both answer to the Ministry of Home Affairs as divisions of its Public Security Bureau. This places much of the story's counter-crime apparatus beneath the ministry.
Creator Shirow Masamune modeled the Ministry of Home Affairs on Britain's Home Office, since Japan had no comparable ministry overseeing its police. The fictional ministry shares its name with Japan's real, now-defunct Ministry of Home Affairs, but the version in Ghost in the Shell is entirely invented.
The Ministry of Home Affairs oversees law enforcement, domestic security, and immigration control, among other duties. Its Public Security Bureau contains the divisions responsible for much of the series' policing work.
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