Unit 501 is a secretive, elite arm of the Ground Self Defense Force that features heavily in Ghost in the Shell: Arise. Motoko Kusanagi rose through its ranks during the war before departing to help found Public Security Section 9.
Unit 501, rendered in Japanese as Rikugun 501 kikan, is a highly trained clandestine formation operating inside the Ground Self Defense Force. It occupies a central place in the story of Ghost in the Shell: Arise, where its missions and personnel drive much of what unfolds.
Major Motoko Kusanagi counted among its soldiers throughout the Fourth World War. In 2027 she stepped away from the unit to sign on with Public Security Section 9. Command later passes to Lieutenant Colonel Kurutsu, who breaks the group away from the Ground Self Defense Force and reshapes it into a privately run military contractor.

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Unit 501, known in Japanese as Rikugun 501 Kikan, is a secretive elite unit within the Ground Self Defense Force that plays a central role in Ghost in the Shell: Arise.
Major Motoko Kusanagi served in Unit 501's ranks throughout the Fourth World War before leaving in 2027 to join Public Security Section 9.
Unit 501 was led first by Lieutenant Colonel Mamuro and later by Lieutenant Colonel Kurutsu, who eventually broke the unit away from the Ground Self Defense Force.
No, under Kurutsu's command Unit 501 split from the Ground Self Defense Force and was reshaped into a privately run military contractor.
Unit 501's ranks also included Ibachi, Raizo, and Tsumugi alongside Major Motoko Kusanagi.
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